Some Alarm Systems Serve A Single Purpose Of Burglary Protection; Combination Systems Provide Both Fire And Intrusion Protection. Intrusion Alarm Systems May Also Be Combined With Closed-Circuit Television Surveillance (CCTV) Systems To Automatically Record The Activities Of Intruders, And May Interface To Access Control Systems For Electrically Locked Doors.

• Premises Control Unit (PCU), Alarm Control Panel (ACP), Or Simply Panel: The "Brain" Of the System, It Reads Sensor Inputs, Tracks Arm/Disarm Status, And Signals Intrusions. In Modern Systems, This Is Typically One Or More Computer Circuit Boards Inside A Metal Enclosure, Along With A Power Supply.

• Sensors: Devices Which Detect Intrusions. Sensors May Be Placed at The Perimeter of The Protected Area, Within It, Or Both. Sensors Can Detect Intruders by A Variety of Methods, Such as Monitoring Doors and Windows for Opening, Or by Monitoring Unoccupied Interiors for Motions, Sound, Vibration, Or Other Disturbances.

• Alerting Devices: These Indicate an Alarm Condition. Most Commonly, These Are Bells, Sirens, And/or Flashing Lights. Alerting Devices Serve the Dual Purposes of Warning Occupants of Intrusion, And Potentially Scaring Off Burglars. These Devices May Also Be Used to Warn Occupants of a Fire or Smoke Condition.

• Keypads: Small Devices, Typically Wall-Mounted, Which Function As The Human-Machine Interface To The System. In Addition to Buttons, Keypads Typically Feature Indicator Lights, A Small Multi-Character Display, Or Both.

• Interconnections Between Components. This May Consist of Direct Wiring to The Control Unit, Or Wireless Links with Local Power Supplies.

Passive Infrared Detectors

The Passive Infrared (PIR) Motion Detector Is One Of The Most Common Sensors Found In Household And Small Business Environments. It Offers Affordable and Reliable Functionality. The Term Passive Refers to The Fact That the Detector Does Not Generate or Radiate Its Own Energy; It Works Entirely by Detecting the Heat Energy Given Off by Other Objects.

Strictly Speaking, PIR Sensors Do Not Detect Motion; Rather, They Detect Abrupt Changes in Temperature at A Given Point. As An Intruder Walks In Front Of The Sensor, The Temperature At That Point Will Rise From Room Temperature To Body Temperature, And Then Back Again. This Quick-Change Triggers the Detection.

PIR Sensors May Be Designed To Be Wall- Or Ceiling-Mounted, And Come In Various Fields Of View, From Narrow-Point Detectors To 360-Degree Fields. PIR’s Require A Power Supply in Addition to The Detection Signaling Circuit.

Infrasound Detectors

The Infrasound Detector Works By Detecting Infrasound, Or Sound Waves At Frequencies Below 20 Hertz. Sounds at Those Frequencies Are Inaudible to The Human Ear. Due to Its Inherent Properties, Infrasound Can Travel Distances of Many Hundreds of Kilometers. Infrasound Signals Can Result from Volcanic Eruptions, Earthquakes, Gravity Waves, Opening and Closing of Doors, Forcing Windows to Name A Few.

Each Time A Potential Intruder Tries Enter into A House, She or He Tests Whether It Is Closed and Locked, Uses Tools on Openings, Or/And Applies Pressure, And Therefore He or She Creates Low-Frequency Sound Vibrations. Such Actions Are Immediately Detected by The Infrasound Detector Before the Intruder Breaks In.

The Primary Purpose of Such System Is to Stop Burglars Before They Enter the House, To Avoid Not Only Theft, But Vandalism. The Sensitivity Can Be Modulated Depending on The Size of A House And Presence Of Animals.

Ultrasonic Detectors

Using Frequencies Between 15 Khz and 75 Khz, These Active Detectors Transmit Ultrasonic Sound Waves That Are Inaudible to Humans. The Doppler Shift Principle Is the Underlying Method of Operation, In Which A Change in Frequency Is Detected Due to Object Motion. This Is Caused When the Object Must Cause A Change in The Ultrasonic Frequency to The Receiver Relative to The Transmitting Frequency.

The Ultrasonic Detector Operates by The Transmitter Emitting an Ultrasonic Signal into The Area to Be Protected. The Sound Waves Are Reflected by Solid Objects (Such as The Surrounding Floor, Walls and Ceiling) And Then Detected by The Receiver. Because Ultrasonic Waves Are Transmitted Through Air, Then Hard-Surfaced Objects Tend to Reflect Most of The Ultrasonic Energy, While Soft Surfaces Tend to Absorb Most Energy.

When the Surfaces Are Stationary, The Frequency of The Waves Detected by The Receiver Will Be Equal to The Transmitted Frequency. However, A Change in Frequency Will Occur as A Result of The Doppler Principle, When A Person or Object Is Moving Towards or Away from The Detector. Such an Event Initiates an Alarm Signal. This Technology Is Considered Obsolete by Many Alarm Professionals, And Is Not Actively Installed.

Microwave Detectors

This Device Emits Microwaves from A Transmitter and Detects Any Reflected Microwaves or Reduction in Beam Intensity Using A Receiver. The Transmitter and Receiver Are Usually Combined Inside A Single Housing (Monostatic) For Indoor Applications, And Separate Housings (Biostatic) For Outdoor Applications. To Reduce False Alarms This, Type of Detector Is Usually Combined with A Passive Infrared Detector, Or Dual Tec Brand or Similar Alarm.

Microwave Detectors Respond To A Doppler Shift In The Frequency Of The Reflected Energy, By A Phase Shift, Or By A Sudden Reduction Of The Level Of Received Energy. Any of These Effects May Indicate Motion of An Intruder.

Photoelectric Beams

Photoelectric Beam System Detects the Presence of An Intruder by Transmitting Visible or Infrared Light Beams Across an Area, Where These Beams May Be Obstructed. To Improve the Detection Surface Area, The Beams Are Often Employed in Stacks of Two Or More. However, If an Intruder Is Aware of The Technology's Presence, It Can Be Avoided. The Technology Can Be an Effective Long-Range Detection System, If Installed in Stacks of Three Or More Where the Transmitters and Receivers Are Staggered to Create A Fence-Like Barrier. Systems Are Available for Both Internal and External Applications. To Prevent A Clandestine Attack Using A Secondary Light Source Being Used to Hold the Detector in A Sealed Condition Whilst an Intruder Passes Through, Most Systems Use and Detect A Modulated Light Source.

Glass-Break Detection

The Glass-Break Detector May Be Used For Internal Perimeter Building Protection. Glass-Break Acoustic Detectors Are Mounted in Close Proximity to The Glass Panes and Listen for Sound Frequencies Associated with Glass Breaking.

Seismic Glass-Break Detectors, Generally Referred to As Shock Sensors, Are Different in That They Are Installed on The Glass Pane. When Glass Breaks It Produces Specific Shock Frequencies Which Travel Through the Glass and Often Through the Window Frame and The Surrounding Walls and Ceiling. Typically, The Most Intense Frequencies Generated Are Between 3 And 5 Khz, Depending on The Type of Glass and The Presence of a Plastic Interlayer. Seismic Glass-Break Detectors Feel These Shock Frequencies and In Turn Generate an Alarm Condition.

Smoke, Heat, And Carbon Monoxide Detectors

Most Systems May Also Be Equipped With Smoke, Heat, And/or Carbon Monoxide Detectors. These Are Also Known As 24-Hour Zones (Which Are on At All Times). Smoke and Heat Detectors Protect from The Risk of Fire Using Different Detection Methods. Carbon Monoxide Detectors Help Protect from The Risk of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. Although An Intruder Alarm Panel May Also Have These Detectors Connected, It May Not Meet All The Local Fire Code Requirements Of A Fire Alarm System.

Simple PA Systems Are Often Used in Small Venues Such as School Auditoriums, Churches, And Small Bars. PA Systems With Many Speakers Are Widely Used To Make Announcements In Public, Institutional And Commercial Buildings And Locations—Such As Schools, Stadiums, And Passenger Vessels And Aircraft. Intercom Systems, Installed in Many Buildings, Have Both Speakers Throughout A Building, And Microphones in Many Rooms So Occupants Can Respond to Announcements. PA And Intercom Systems Are Commonly Used As Part Of An Emergency Communication System.

Operation of Gate Automation

An automatic boom barrier can be operated through:

1.Push button

2.Remote control

3.RFID tags / RFID reader

4.Loop detectors

5.Photo-electronic sensors

6.Any third party access control device

There Are Various Technologies for An Automatic Boom Barrier. One of Them Is Electro-Mechanical, Which Is Widely Used Due to Its Reliability. The Other Technologies Are Often Manufacturer Specific. These Electro-Mechanical Devices Come With 24VDC Drive Units Which Can Run Continuously Without Generating Heat, So Electro-Mechanical Boom Barriers Can Be Operated Continuously and In an Intensive Duty Cycle.

Operation of Automatic Boom Barrier

An Automatic Boom Barrier Can Be Operated Through:

1. Push Button

2. Remote Control

3. RFID Tags / RFID Reader

4. Loop Detectors

5. Photo-Electronic Sensors

6. Any Third-Party Access Control Device

Wireless Access Has Special Security Considerations. Many Wired Networks Base the Security on Physical Access Control, Trusting All the Users on The Local Network, But If Wireless Access Points Are Connected to The Network, Anybody Within Range of The AP (Which Typically Extends Farther Than the Intended Area) Can Attach to The Network.

The Most Common Solution Is Wireless Traffic Encryption. Modern Access Points Come with Built-In Encryption. The First-Generation Encryption Scheme, WEP, Proved Easy to Crack; The Second and Third Generation Schemes, WPA And WPA2, Are Considered Secure If A Strong Enough Password or Passphrase Is Used.

• Design & Consultancy

• AMC Contract